References are usually written by someone who knows you academically. Most references will talk about you from a teacher's or tutor's perspective: how you work and interact with other students and teachers, for example. Your reference does not have to be academic, but if you're studying or have recently left school or college, a reference from your school or college will be expected.
In this section...
A full written reference is required. The name and address of the referee is not sufficient, unless all your chosen universities and colleges have already agreed that no reference is required on your application. See the if no reference is needed advice below.
If you're in prison, your application must include a statement from the prison authorities, even if you're asking someone else to write your reference. The prison authority has to say whether you're suitable for a course of study, and whether you'll be able to accept a place for the start date chosen.
Your referee must write your reference in English (or it can be in Welsh if you're only applying to Welsh universities and colleges).
Most references will contain the following information:
Any health issues or disabilities can only be mentioned with your permission. If you have any issues that you would like the universities and colleges to be aware of when considering your application, these should be included in the reference rather than the personal statement, so discuss this with your referee.
You won't have access to your reference. This will be completed on your behalf by your centre.
If you're applying independently but would like your reference to be written by a registered school, college or other organisation, you can request that the centre completes the reference for you in Apply. Go to the 'Options' section and click 'Ask a registered school, college or organisation to write your reference only'.
This means that the centre can write a reference for you but they won't be involved in the rest of your application. Once they have completed the reference, a red tick will be displayed next to 'Reference' section in the left-hand navigation.
If your referee is not at a registered centre, you'll need to explain what they should do. Print the guide to writing references page and give it to your referee so that they can prepare a reference and send it to you. You won't be able to send your application to us if you enter only the contact details for your referee.
There is space for 4,000 characters (this includes spaces) or 47 lines of text (this includes blank lines), whichever comes first, for your reference. When you preview or save a pasted-in reference, the system will tell you how many more characters and lines are still available or if you have used too many characters. If your reference doesn't fit into the box, request a shorter version from your referee - don't edit it yourself. You can view the layout and format of any text you have entered before or after you have saved it.
Unfortunately, bold, italics, underlining or foreign characters (such as á, ë, õ) can't be used in the reference. If these are used, they will be removed from the text when your reference is saved.
You have to enter your referee's telephone number and/or email address before you can complete this section.
Save your reference at regular intervals because the application system will time-out after 35 minutes of inactivity.
We ask you to declare that all the information on your application is true, complete and accurate. We have the right to cancel applications that contain any false, misleading or incomplete information. You must not write all or any part of your reference yourself, or edit the wording of your reference. When we send your application to the universities and colleges, we will tell them that you have added the reference. You should be aware that each institution to which you apply may contact your referee to discuss your reference.
You need to provide details for a referee and a reference unless all your universities and colleges have already agreed that no reference is required.
If you don't need one, please enter:
'not required' in the fields for name of referee, post/occupation/ relationship, organisation name, address (first two lines only), telephone and email
and
'I have agreed with my choice(s) of university or college that no reference is required on my application' in the reference field.
You can then mark the reference section as complete.